Friday, 22 June 2012

Research &Planning: Intertextuality in music videos.

Intertextuality in a music video is when it has links and references to another media form, mainly films; it is often used and can be seen in a wide range of genres and artists. A reason why intertextuality is so common is because it is a marketing technique, if the film is well known then it is more likely that incorporating it into a music video will create a lot of publicity with people discussing why and how effectively it has been used. It will help to target the audience for the music video by using a film that is stereotypically associated with the people who listen to this music.

However using this promotion technique can become quite expensive as often the music video will be prolonged to fit in the narrative of the film and as generally films have a larger budget than music videos some scenes can be hard to reshoot with less money.

This can be seen in the video for The Kill by 30 Seconds to Mars (directed by Bartholomew Cubbins) in which the links to The Shinning (1980) can be clearly recognised. The whole music video is based around the narrative of the film but with the band instead of a family. To get the mise-en-scene right for this would have cost a lot more than a simple narrative and performance based video.  Before the song starts there is about a minuet of pre-song dialogue showing the band traveling to the hotel, entering and finding the ‘creepy’ note which of course would cost more money than just filming footage for the length of the song, however it makes the intertextuality more effective. 

 Throughout the video 30 Seconds to Mars show lots of different parts of The Shinning, but interestingly do not use the most obvious parts such as John with the axe and instead of showing the small boy on his tricycle there are scenes of one of the band members on a skateboard riding down the hall.

The shinning has become quite a cult classic and due to its dark nature it is assumed that a lot of people who listen to 30 Seconds to Mars, who are classed as rock, would have seen and enjoyed the film, making it more likely that they would want to watch the music video and therefore listen to the song.

Slightly different to this video is Busted-Year 3000,

This vide is no based around one film in particular but has lots of little references to other things incorporated into it.  The first visuals of the music video looks like a retro game, something like Pac man and space invaders, the colours used are bright pink and green which is typical of the retro game. This could be because the song is about the future and so they want to show a contrast between the old times, the present, and the future.  

The next bit of intertextuality is with the time machine and the young boy that built it, this is strong visual links to the film Back to the Future, the car represents the De Lorean in the film and the boy bears a strong visual resemblance to the Doc in the film, although much younger he has the same kind of hair and is wearing the same clothes to make this intertextuality evident. They may have done this to compliment the lyrics ‘a time machine, like one in a film I’d seen.’ However they are a lot of famous time machines and the fact that they have chosen Back to the Future to mimic has meaning as its seen more as a comedy film than sci-fi and so more of Busted’s target market would have probably seen it, it has also become quite a cult classic and has a strong following with tee-shirts and models being sold. This means that it is the most effective to use to gain more publicity.

The scenes of the ‘future’ are animated in the same sort of style as Futurama, which  again is comedy more than sci-fi and would appeal to Busted’s target audience.

There is also a reference to Michael Jackson and the music video Billy Jean, this adds some humour as in this video he is a cartoon. Jackson would have been at the peak of his career at this point and so by using popular references Busted are insuring that everybody gets the reference and understands whereas their younger audience may not get the Back to the Future intertextuality.  It is also quite a controversial thing to say that they will out-sell him.

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